Contracting under Ex Post Moral Hazard and Non-Commitment
نویسنده
چکیده
Ce document est publié dans l'intention de rendre accessibles les résultats préliminaires de la recherche effectuée au CIRANO, afin de susciter des échanges et des suggestions. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l'unique responsabilité des auteurs, et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents preliminary research carried out at CIRANO and aims at encouraging discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners. Résumé / Abstract Ce document de travail caractérise le contrat optimal dans une économie où un agent informé de l'état de la nature doit rapporter cet état à un principal qui ne peut se commettre de manière crédible dans une stratégie de vérification de l'annonce de l'agent. Puisque le principal ne peut se commettre, il devient optimal pour l'agent de mentir avec une certaine probabilité. En supposant qu'il existe T > 1 pertes possibles en cas d'accident, que l'agent ne peut feindre un accident (il est restreint à rapporter la perte en cas d'accident, mais la présence d'un accident est une information de nature commune), le contrat optimal est tel que les hautes pertes sont sur-indemnisées alors que les faibles pertes sont sous-indemnisées en moyenne. Le niveau de sur-indemnisation des hautes pertes diminue toutefois avec la perte elle-même. Le contrat optimal peut ainsi être représenté comme une simple combinaison d'une franchise, d'un paiement forfaitaire et de co-paiements. This paper characterizes the optimal insurance contract in an environment where an informed agent can misrepresent the state of the world to a principal who cannot credibly commit to an auditing strategy. Because the principal cannot commit, the optimal strategy of the agent is not to tell the truth all the time. Assuming that there are T > 1 possible losses, and that the agent cannot fake an accident (he is constrained only to misreport the size of the loss when a loss occurs), the optimal contract is such that higher losses are over-compensated while lower losses are on average under-compensated. The amount by which higher losses are over-compensated decreases as the loss increases. The optimal contract may then be represented as a simple combination of a deductible, a lump-sum payment and a coinsurance provision.
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